Short Answer
License-free radio means that no individual frequency concession is required for certain radio applications. The most well-known example in Europe is PMR446 in the 446 MHz range. Use is only permitted with suitable, approved devices and within clear performance and technical limits. For professional, safety-critical, or larger business radio networks, license-free radio is often too restrictive.
PMR446 is attractive because devices are quickly available and easy to use. However, this simplicity often leads to misunderstandings: license-free does not mean that any professional radio devices can be operated on any frequencies without regulations.
What is PMR446?
PMR446 is a license-free radio service in the UHF range around 446 MHz. Typically, handheld radios with defined technical limits, low power, and simple operation are used. PMR446 can be used privately and commercially, provided the devices and usage conditions are adhered to.
Important Limits
- No exclusive frequency: other users can transmit on the same channel.
- Limited transmission power and device requirements.
- No guaranteed availability or priority.
- Repeaters, external antennas, or professional modifications are not simply freely allowed.
- Range is highly dependent on building, terrain, and interference.
Is there digital PMR446?
Yes, there are digital variants in the license-free environment, including DMR Tier I or dPMR446. However, this is not the same as a professional DMR Tier II or Tier III business radio network. Devices, power, channel use, and functions remain limited.
License-free or professional business radio?
| Criterion | License-free Radio / PMR446 | Licensed Business Radio |
|---|---|---|
| Start | Fast and easy. | Planning and frequency clarification required. |
| Availability | No exclusive use. | Better planable through assigned frequencies. |
| Range | Limited by power and devices. | Planable with repeaters, antennas, and building radio. |
| Scaling | For small simple teams. | For larger and more critical organizations. |
FAQ
Is license-free radio legal?
Yes, if the respective national provisions and technical conditions are adhered to.
Can a Motorola R7 be used as PMR446?
Generally no. The R7 is a professional MOTOTRBO-DMR device and not a typical PMR446 device with the corresponding restrictions.
Is PMR446 sufficient for a company?
For small, simple applications possibly. For critical processes, large buildings, repeaters, or reliable availability, professional business radio is usually more sensible.
Is license-free the same as free of charge?
No. It concerns the use of frequencies without an individual concession, not free devices, planning, or guaranteed interference freedom.
Sources and Currency
This page was created on 06.07.2026. Technical and regulatory information must be verified against current manufacturer data, standards, frequency requirements, and site conditions for specific projects.